After the advent of the Reformation, Zurich artists mainly focussed on the portrait genre until the late 18th century. In the 16th century, Hans Asper and Samuel Hofmann produced dignified portraits of the city's rulers.
Around 1800, the brilliant eccentric Johann Heinrich Füssli had a decisive influence on classicism and romanticism. He was not interested in imitating nature, but in effective invention drawn directly from the imagination.
In the 19th century, Albert Anker was the most important Swiss representative of genre painting, which was flourishing in Europe at the time and in which the "mood" served as an expression of a psychological state. Also noteworthy are the landscapes of Rudolf Koller and Robert Zünd, through to the fantasy worlds of Arnold Böcklin and Albert Welti.